What is a critical edition?
From manuscript to edition
An illustration of the stages; the gold marks are for illustration only


- 01
The manuscript
A critical edition starts from the manuscript as it survives: a handwritten copy, sometimes incomplete, sometimes one of several.
- 02
Reading and collation
The editor reads the text word by word, stopping at passages that are unclear or that differ between copies.
- 03
The notes
Then come the notes: corrected readings, identification of people and places, and references to sources.
- 04
The edition
Finally the text appears as a critical edition that researchers can rely on, such as Hayat Mauritania: Hawadith al-Sinin.
